The Challenges Canadian Immigrants Face in Their Working Family and Health - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 848 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2019/02/15 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Family Essay Did you like this example? When it comes to female immigrants, things are getting worse. According to many researches, the group of immigrants generally doesn’t perform well in the working market of Canada. There is more unemployment among immigrants than among the indigenous, which is especially true among the female immigrants. (Badets and Howatson 1999). According to George and Ramkissoon (1998), in 47 female immigrants from South Asia, most did not continue doing jobs of their experienced areas and were engaged into some other works of comparably low salary.?Martins Reid, 2007? Many female immigrants used to have good jobs and were elites in their own professions, but when they came to Canada, they were having huge difficulties in finding suitable jobs. The biggest contrast between their original roles and their current situation brings them huge pressures, both financially and psychologically. They tend to have a much lower income than male immigrants, let alone the natives, which forces them live economically, and often face the monetary problems. ?Man, 2011? Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Challenges Canadian Immigrants Face in Their Working Family and Health" essay for you Create order What’s even worse is that they may often feel gloomy, question themselves, have low self-esteem, and doubt why they immigrate to Canada; some may even suffer from depression, which seriously affect their health.?Man, 2011?For example, Mei and her husband were software engineers in China. After they moved to Canada, Mei could not find suitable job and felt stressful.?Man,2011?â€Å"when we arrived here, my husband sought to look for a job in an active manner, and he found a software engineer position.† said Mei, â€Å"However, I am still learning English, because I am not sure of my language ability. Occasionally, I doubt the correctness of my decision of coming to Canada.† (Man, 2011, p.204) Problems are not limited in works, but also emerged in families. What is worth noticing is that the change in the wife’s economic situation can often break the original balance of the family between husband and wife, and bring damages to their marriage.(Man, 2011) Unable to find suitable jobs, many female immigrants can only stay at home, suffering lower self-esteem and feeling sad. At this time, what they most need is their spouses’ understanding and encouragement.?Man, 2011?However, their husbands, meanwhile, also are experiencing tremendous pressures from work, and often ignore their wives’ feelings. What’s worse, some husbands may think their wives not so competent as themselves and treat their partners condescendingly, which further endangers the relationship between husband and wife.?Man, 2011? When it comes to their husbands, they did no better than their partners. There is a tendency that employers are more willing to hire people with local working experience and Canadian educational backgrounds, which definitely pushed new comers to some unstable works that involve more physical labors and that need working longer without basic welfare and securities. (Man, 2011) This kind of jobs causes huge pressures on employees, who are the only source of income and need to take care their whole family to survive in the new country. (Martins Reid, 2007)When these husbands returned home, they normally passed their bad feelings to their wives and felt reasonable doing so, because they thought they supported the whole family, which is exactly the same as Luxton’s (2015) study on working class families: the husbands, the only breadwinners of family, claimed their dominance on their spouses, which always leads to the degradation of the relationship between husbands and wives. (Man ,2011)Both under tremendous pressures and experiencing failures from work, culture and society, husbands and wives tend to release their rage and attribute their failures to their partners, which posed a big threat to their marriage.(Man, 2011) The difficulties immigrants are facing extends far beyond jeopardizing the couple’s relationship; they also bring about a new problemwho and how to take care of their children? Some immigrant families have to choose to send their children back to their own countries to be taken care of by the grandparents. Tien shared her story of sending her daughter back to China. (Martins Reid, 2007) â€Å"After the birth of my daughter, we decided to send her back to be taken care of by her grandma in China, because we were not eligible for the subsidized child daycare.† (Man, 2011, p.207) She had to call her mother everyday to keep pace with her daughter’s growth and came back to China every year when she was on holiday. ( Man,2011) Apparently, immigrants have to pay much cost in the finance and the sentiment for this trans-continent kinship. By sending back their children to be taken care of by grandparents, immigrant mothers can work full time jobs and seek to more decent positions in labor market.( Man,2011) Apart from the predicament in the working place and conflicts and issues in the families, immigrants have to face another plight: their health are under threat and they have difficulty in accessing the health care resources. According to some literature, when new comers arrived in Canada, they were as healthy as natives, or even healthier than the Canadian born population. Compared to native-born Canadians, immigrants have a lower prevalence of chronic diseases, and lower rate of mortality and morbidity from all causes. (Zanchetta Poureslami, 2006)

The Between European American Culture And Native American...

scene, â€Å"[The] wife grabbed Chocolate Thunder and used it like a drumstick to pound her hand drum. [She] sang the most beautiful song anybody ever heard. Chocolate Thunder sang with her and turned the whole thing into a healing duet† (p. 100). The European American twist is the vibrating, phallic dildo. It is comically used as some sort of a â€Å"magic healing stick† that is part of Native American customs. As a result, Chocolate Thunder, the sexual toy in question, is placed over the son’s crib once the son recovers. This playful European American theme is a key part of an intense Spokane Indian healing ritual that is seemingly as powerful as contemporary technology and medicine. Basically, Chocolate Thunder is more than just a dildo. Because†¦show more content†¦Simply putThere is not only one way to view anything, perspectives define our world as more than what it seems. In addition, Alexie broadens the scale of challenging assumptions by shiftin g his focus to customs represented by all types of humans. In â€Å"Can I Get a Witness,† Alexie attempts to eliminate assumptions regarding human identity with even powerful features such as emotion and innocence during compelling scenes of terror. In the shadows following the aftermath of the coffee shop explosion, Alexie describes those involved in the terrorist attack by their exterior. â€Å"A little black girl and a little white boy hugged each other in the back of an ambulance. Wearing a soldier’s combat bucket hat, a homeless black man sang ‘The Star Spangled Banner.’ A white man in a tattered gray suit wept over the mutilated body of another white man wearing another tattered gray suit† (p.73). Along with including the races of the people that have been shocked by the accident, Alexie exposes visceral traits that all humans represent: love, passion, and sorrow. He illustrates this thought by implying a critique through his word choice. â⠂¬Å"Veteran soldiers,† â€Å"homeless,† and â€Å"black† are three types of people that lack access to long-term support to better their lives. Even though he combines these three traits into one â€Å"homeless black man wearing a soldier’s combat hat,† the emphasis is placed on the singing of ‘The StarShow MoreRelatedNative Americans During The Colonization1473 Words   |  6 PagesNative Americans during 1785-1829 were affected by western expansion because of the removal of Native Americans from the land, white settlers attempting to assimilate Native Americans to their culture, and were involved in battles between the a Native Americans and white setters which led to the depleting number of Native Americans. 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It is a shared set of learned beliefs, values, assumptions, attitudes and behaviours that differentiate a particular group of people from others(Wederspahn, 2009. p.19). Fundamental differences among people all stem from nationality, ethnicity and culture. Family background and individual experiences also contribute to these differences. These lead to differences in practicesRead MoreNative Americans And Western History1299 Words   |  6 PagesNative Americans are the original inhabitants of the West, and have played an important role in Western history and continue to do so in today’s society. Their role has changed many times over, both good and not so good, and most of the time it was not in their favor. The Indians were descendants of ancient hunters that migrated from Asia to America thousands of years ago, and the differences between the Natives and Europeans are monumental. From the Natives lack of ind ividual ownership of land to

Personal and Imaginative Writing The Big Splash! Free Essays

The soft wind whistled its melody in my ears, the sun shone brightly in my face as I skipped towards Bruce Castle Park with my sister Daniella, my brother Marcell and my Daddy. My sister was eleven, my brother was ten and I was seven, so I was the baby at the time. I was so excited to get into the park, I heard loads of screaming and shouting babies, toddlers and children, I saw a long queue at the ice-cream van. We will write a custom essay sample on Personal and Imaginative Writing: The Big Splash! or any similar topic only for you Order Now All I wanted to do was get into the park and join the fun. My sister, brother and I ran towards the park anticipating, leaving my dad strolling behind. I pushed open the black shiny gate to get into the park and dragged my brother and sister with me. The first thing that caught my eyes was the large swimming pool. There were plenty of children splashing, screaming and shouting in there; they looked like they were really enjoying themselves. I wanted to go and join in. I ran towards the fun, feeling excited. I heard my dad calling, but I ignored her because I wanted to get in the pool, even thought I didn’t have my swim suit. My dad called me and told me to go back over to him, I was angry because I was so close to joining in the fun. As I walked towards my dad I kept on looking back at all the children enjoying themselves in the pool. When I got over to my dad he simply told me to take my sister to the pool with me because my brother and him were going to play football. My sister didn’t want to play, so I agreed. Once again I made my way over to the pool, it looked so colourful because of all the different coloured swim suits. I told my sister how thrilled I was to go and play in the pool. She was also thrilled but explained to me that we could not get into the pool because we had no swim suits and no change of clothes. I was disappointed but concurred without any choice. We got to the pool and the atmosphere was great: loud, colourful and fun. All of the children were playing together. My sister and I looked at each other, grinned and hopped onto the inner pool edge, rolled up our trouser legs and began to walk around the inner edge of the pool. Other children told us to get in, but we couldn’t, so we explained to them why, they were let down but accepted it. They were very nice and friendly children. Daniella and I wanted to dip out feet in so we had to be really careful and dip only put feet in. The water was as cold as ice, and clear like crystals, it felt so good. Daniella and I carried on walking around the inner edge of the pool. We were getting wet because of the children splashing, but that was no worry, because the sun was blazing hot and our clothes would dry in no time. I had a feeling that someone would pull us in or we would fall in, so I was careful with my every step. My dad yelled to us to come over and have some snacks and juice, my sister and I rushed so we could get back to the pool as soon as possible. We hurried back over to the pool as our new friends waited. Daniella and I carried on playing on the inner pool edge, but I began to get bored so I had a fantastic idea. I explained it to my new friends. The game was called bulldog. What you had do was my sister and I had to throw the ball and aim it at the people in the pool. Whoever it hit had to come on our team and help get the people in the pool out, leaving a winner. The game began and we were all enjoying it, Daniella and I were really skilled at getting people out. Round 1 of water bulldog had finished, so we decided to play Round 2. We had to be careful because the inner edge of the pool was socking wet. I aimed the ball at one of my friends in the pool and got him out, so he had to come and join my sister and I. My friend in the pool threw the ball to me but it was a short throw, so I tried to stretch and catch the ball, I felt myself stumble so I grabbed onto Daniella and we both fell into the pool and made a big splash! My sister and I looked at each other and exploded with laughter, it was like a laughing fit, we could not stop laughing. The water was freezing cold, I could feel my goose pimples rising all over my body. I struggled to get out of the pool as my clothes were dripping wet and dragging me back down into the pool. When I finally got out I helped my sister to get out as she was struggling too. We had to go and tell my dad what had happened, neither of us knew if he was going to shout or laugh, so we walked over in suspense. Daniella and I held each others hands tight as we left our footprints behind us. When we got to our dad and brother Marcell they were in stitches before we could tell our story. My sister and I were relieved. Dad asked us what happened so we both took it in turns to explain. They both kept teasing us after we had told them; it didn’t bother us because we found it funny too. The sun was still sizzling hot like sausages on the fire, so my sister and I decided to lay down on the bright green grass and try and get our clothes dry. We laid there for approximately thirty minutes but our clothes didn’t seem to be drying quick enough, so we told our dad that we were bored and wanted to go home. , so we did. Because out clothes were still wet Daniella had to wear my dad’s vest, and I had to wear his t-shirt on the way home. They looked like dresses because they were down to our ankles, but it looked cute. Once again the giggles began, what an excellent end to a great day out. How to cite Personal and Imaginative Writing: The Big Splash!, Papers

Breastfeeding providing Protection against Paediatric Overweight

Question: Describe about research planning and design, strengths and weaknesses, feasibility and ethical issues. Answer: Rationale The selected study emerges with the importance of the beneficial effects associated with breastfeeding children to counter downgrading effects of various risks and infections. The over the years, extensive number of studies is well investigated and documented by the various professionals and scholars with the aim of establishing a critical point of view regarding the relevant areas of study. However, multiple benefits to both breastfeeding mothers and children are clearly signified by the multiple studies conducted in the field[1]. This particular study produced by Grummer-Strawn et al. is performed with the aim of elaborating a considerable amount of insight regarding the benefits of breastfeeding in protecting the paediatric overweight among the children. The intended methods applied in the course of the study have explored the specific link between the prospective duration of breastfeeding and overweight status of the children during their preliminary years. The particular purpose of the identified aim integrated with the methodology is highly contributed by the application of different data and statistics obtained from the national or global database. The critical analysis process adopted by the study provides special priority to the information collected from the Paediatric Nutrition Surveillance System for extracting the useful evidence related to height and weight criteria of the children visiting the public health programme in relation to breastfeeding. The particular rationale of selecting the study depends heavily on the particular result put forwarded by the study revealing a significant presence of a protective relationship between the risk of overweight and dose-response of breastfeeding. Research Planning and Design In the process of judging the validity of the concluding remarks reflected through the identified study, the overall planning and design process must need to be adequately defined while providing proper justification. The particular conclusion of the study exposes a critical fact associated with the association of prolonged breastfeeding with a reduced risk of overweight among the non-Hispanic white children. Some of the scholars like Weng et al. (2012) through their finding are completely agreed that multiple health benefits can be offered to the children with the help of prolonged breastfeeding for more than six months. Therefore, the methodologies of the study should need to provide special attention to the duration of breastfeeding among the identified population[2]. The proposed set of methodology should need to include various growth charts and graphs from the multiple agencies as if the one prioritised in the current study named Centres for Disease Control and Prevention. In o rder to outline the certain set of methods with their designs, the preliminary task should be determining the primary research question defined by the study[3]. The study formed with developing critical concern regarding the examination of increasing duration of breastfeeding provides assistance to lowering the risk of overweight in a population level of 4-years old in the United States. Considering the nature of the selected study, descriptive research design seems to be appropriate due to having no control over the variables presented through the outcomes of the identified study[4]. According to Horta and Victoria (2013), descriptive research is characterised by the set of simple activities for determining the summary drawn up by a selected attempt based on the description and identification of facts reflected through analytical research. As part of the evaluation, the efforts are placed on establishing the reasons behind the emergence of the specific finding alongside the way it comes into the light. The rationale behind selecting the particular research design is that the overall process cast light on the contemporary issues and challenges surrounding the preferred context while developing a pertinent data collection procedure facilitating a complete definition of the overall situation[5]. On the other hand, the methods applied for the constructing the analytical overview utterly relies on the evidence and statistics delineated in the study organized by the authors. The particular scenario suggests the use of a qualitative method for interpreting the outcomes and setting up an in-depth level of understanding dedicated to the readers[6]. Based on the guidelines of Prez-Escamilla (2016), qualitative method involves the use of words, perceptions, and feelings exhibited by certain variables rather than focusing on the facts and numeric data obtained through the application of various experiments and interviews. Strengths and Weaknesses The particular study can criticised both from the perspective of its strengths and weaknesses regarding its primary outcomes and the methods and approaches followed during the achievement of specific objectives. From the strength area, it can be stated that the study has arguably solidified the benefits of breastfeeding to both mothers and children throughout the community. The study has provided a unique priority to the duration of breastfeeding to counter the risks among the children from certain age level. From the external investigation, it is experimented that few of the studies have shown interest in designing their approaches by focusing on importance of prolonged breastfeeding[7]. Distinctively, this study has shown such interest to outline the importance of prolonged breastfeeding with the intention of establishing a superior protection to paediatric overweight. Apart from that, the critical outcomes of the study divulge by the practical analysis of various realistic facts a nd evidence reflected in the national and international journals published by the popular agencies via conducting significant surveys. Apart from the identified strengths, some essential weaknesses are also there in the course of developing the survey-based outcomes. Firstly, it should need to mention that the study is highly constructed through the results and facts derived from the previous surveys and statistics, which eradicates the key application of primary level of data collection to an extensive degree[8]. Secondly, the entire investigation is limited to a particular area of the chosen study, referring only to the prolonged benefit of breastfeeding while not concerning on the other significant variables associated with paediatric overweight among the children. Lastly, the application of the findings submitted by the overall attempt is only restricted to the lower income group, where the overall discussion lacks a clear indication regarding the applicability of proposed results in the other demographic segments of the community[9]. Feasibility and Ethical Issues This particular research is conducted by accentuating the qualitative approach for assembling convenient substantiations and mounting justification of the study upshots. Therefore, a systematic and subjective tactic must need to be embraced for disseminating the description based on the various experiences associated with human lives and events holding useful meanings[10]. As stated by Yan et al. (2014), the qualitative methods and practices must focus on expedient experiences of the people belonging to the community while underscoring more on the uniqueness of people in relation to the chosen variables. Concerning this particular scenario, Woo and Martin (2015) argued that ethical issues would arise during the process of investigation if the overall social inquiry fails to provide an acceptable level of prominence on the human interpretation technique. Often the underlying cause of failure to provide exceptional importance through the survey process is based on the additional burden of developing a critical sense of individual experiences and the relevant condition of the associated community[11]. Therefore, the overall analytical system must need to be planned with taking intensive care for eliminating the identified ethical issues and developing a feasible framework satisfying the criteria regarding plausibility and trustworthiness. References Assuno ML, Ferreira HS, Coutinho SB, Santos LM, Horta BL. Protective effect of breastfeeding against overweight can be detected as early as the second year of life: a study of children from one of the most socially-deprived areas of Brazil. Journal of health, population, and nutrition. 2015 Mar;33(1):85. Crume TL, Bahr TM, Mayer-Davis EJ, Hamman RF, Scherzinger AL, Stamm E, Dabelea D. Selective protection against extremes in childhood body size, abdominal fat deposition, and fat patterning in breastfed children. Archives of pediatrics adolescent medicine. 2012 May 1;166(5):437-43. Horta BL, Victora CG. Long-term effects of breastfeeding-a systematic review. Hunsberger M, Lanfer A, Reeske A, Veidebaum T, Russo P, Hadjigeorgiou C, Moreno LA, Molnar D, De Henauw S, Lissner L, Eiben G. Infant feeding practices and prevalence of obesity in eight European countriesthe IDEFICS study. Public health nutrition. 2013 Feb 1;16(02):219-27. Prez-Escamilla, R., 2016. Can Breastfeeding Protect Against Childhood Obesity?. Salone LR, Vann WF, Dee DL. Breastfeeding: an overview of oral and general health benefits. The Journal of the American Dental Association. 2013 Feb 28;144(2):143-51. Weng SF, Redsell SA, Swift JA, Yang M, Glazebrook CP. Systematic review and meta-analyses of risk factors for childhood overweight identifiable during infancy. Archives of disease in childhood. 2012 Dec 1;97(12):1019-26. Woo JG, Martin LJ. Does breastfeeding protect against childhood obesity? Moving beyond observational evidence. Current obesity reports. 2015 Jun 1;4(2):207-16. Yan J, Liu L, Zhu Y, Huang G, Wang PP. The association between breastfeeding and childhood obesity: a meta-analysis. BMC Public Health. 2014 Dec 13;14(1):1. Yang Z, Huffman SL. Nutrition in pregnancy and early childhood and associations with obesity in developing countries. Maternal child nutrition. 2013 Jan 1;9(S1):105-19. Zheng JS, Liu H, Li J, Chen Y, Wei C, Shen G, Zhu S, Chen H, Zhao YM, Huang T, Li D. Exclusive breastfeeding is inversely associated with risk of childhood overweight in a large Chinese cohort. The Journal of nutrition. 2014 Sep 1;144(9):1454-9.

Badminton Essays - Shuttlecock, Badminton, Racket, Individual Sports

Badminton Badminton is a court or lawn game played with lightweight rackets and a shuttlecock, a small, cork hemisphere with 14 to 16 feathers attached and weighing about 80 grains (0.17-ounce [5 g]). A nylon shuttlecock with the apron furnished by feathers is also used. The game is named for Badminton, the country estate of the dukes of Beaufort in Gloucestershire, England, where it was first played in about 1873. It may have started much earlier in India. In the 1860s British army officers stationed there reportedly played the game out of doors and called it poona. Ultimately, badminton derives from an old children's game, battledore and shuttlecock. The first unofficial All-England badminton championships for men were held in 1899, and the first badminton tournament for women was arranged the next year. The International Badminton Federation (IBF), world governing body of the sport, was formed in 1934. Its headquarters are in Cheltenham, Gloucestershire, Eng. Badminton is also popular in Malaysia, Indonesia, Japan, and Denmark. A number of regional, national, and zonal badminton tournaments are held in several countries. The best known of these matches is the All-England Championships. Other well-known international tournaments include the Thomas Cup (donated 1939) for men's team competition and the Uber Cup (donated 1956) for women's team competition. Badminton first appeared in the Olympic Games as a demonstration sport in 1972 and as an exhibition sport in 1988. At the 1992 Games it became a full-medal Olympic sport, with competition for men's and women's singles (one against one) and doubles (two against two). Mixed doubles was introduced at the 1996 Games. Badminton is usually played indoors because even light winds affect the course of the shuttlecock. The rectangular court is 44 feet (13.4 meters) long and 17 feet wide for singles, 20 feet wide for doubles. A net 5 feet high stretches across the width of the court at its center. A clear space of 4 feet around the court is needed. Play consists entirely of volleying--hitting the shuttlecock back and forth across the net without letting it touch the floor or ground within the boundaries of the court.

Lockes Second Treatise of Civil Government Essays

Lockes Second Treatise of Civil Government Essays Lockes Second Treatise of Civil Government Paper Lockes Second Treatise of Civil Government Paper Essay Topic: Second Treatise of Government For example, Lockers Second Treatise of Call Government contains his analysis of human nature. While keeping individuals in mind, Locke proposes certain regulations necessary for a functioning government. Lockers treatise is primarily a reflection of the Protestant Ethic and its correlation to administration. The Second Treatise of Civil Government discusses a nation of peace and safety, a society based on equality, and a country that with all of Its individuals still maintains a sense of unity. The Protestant Ethic states that persons must be rational. Consequently, Locke believes that a functioning moonwalks requires thinking reasonably and following the rules set forth by common authority. The legal systems that were put in place had to be done so carefully and skillfully. Citizens feared being taken advantage of and controlled by authority, so any changes that would take place had to keep in mind the effects the Old Regime had on its community. The Protestant Ethic evolved during a period when a growing number of people were growing skeptical to those In control. Locke clearly Illustrates that to ensure the authorities dont abuse their power the need for a man to give consent before each of the laws or punishments are carried out. The Second Treatise of Civil Government is a reflection of the peoples fear of injustices imposed by those in power. In Lockers viewpoint, authorities as well as citizens must agree to follow all laws regardless of social rank. In direct correlation to the growing skepticism of authority, Locke discusses the necessity of a man being guaranteed liberty. Man being born, as has been proved, with a title to perfect freedom, and an uncontrolled enjoyment of all the rights and privileges of the law of nature, equally with any other man Liberty means that man has free range to be an individual. The citizens demand the freedom of individuality because they feel as though they deserve to be able to do whatever they want when they want to do it (as long as they didnt inhibit another man). In order for this idea to work, Locke assumes that people have the capacity to behave sensibly and think logically. Perhaps the key component to both Lockers Second Treatise of Call Government and the Protestant Ethic described by Weber is the necessity of rationality. Weber states rationality is the key element of a functioning nation, powerful incentive to achieve worldly success by carrying out their calling or duty to promote the social welfare. If people were behaving rationally, they would realize that they had to do whatever it meant as an individual to benefit the group as a whole. In order for social welfare to succeed people need to think logically. Rationality Is key to the functioning and creation of a tangling commonwealth wader Turner explains Tanat In order Tort a person to live, en or she must be a part of a community. Locke also argues the necessity of people feeling that he or she belongs to a group. As quoted in The Second Treatise, such a fife as our nature doth desire, a life fit for the dignity of man; therefore to supply those defects and imperfections which are in us, as living single and solely by ourselves, we are naturally induced to seek communion and fellowship with others. Humans cannot survive alone. The only way for a person to stay alive is to give consent that they belong to a group. Living as a part of a group requires there be guidelines. These guidelines are imposed as laws to ensure the safety of its citizens. In the preface of his Treatise Locke states, l suppose no body hereafter will have either the confidence to appear against our common safety. It is this preface that lays the foundation for the remainder of his document, this idea of a society based on the word common. Previously in early Europe a commoner was to be regarded as a place in society one desired. This common place one held was always at the very bottom of the social order. As the nation progressed this group, which made up the majority of the population, took bold steps to legitimate their place in the social order. The word common is repeated countless times throughout Lockers treatise and correlates directly with the Protestant Ethic. Max Weber characterizes the Protestant Ethic by stating, this new ethos was an essential component of a long term cultural transformation that dramatically changed the way individuals defined themselves in relation to their society. It is not so much coincidence as it is the new mindset of people that evokes modification within a given community. Locke claims that once mindsets change, everyone must re-evaluate their place on the social ladder. Many changes were taking place at the time the Protestant Ethic spread throughout Europe. It is obvious that Locke would be aware of the Calvinist ideas and how they affected European society. There are many connections between Lockers Second Treatise and the foundational characteristics of the Protestant Ethic.

Should the Law Continue to Threat Married Couples Differently from Essay

Should the Law Continue to Threat Married Couples Differently from Unmarried Cohabitants in Property Disputes - Essay Example Instead, post-separation property disputes between unmarried cohabitants are resolved by reference to the law of trusts (George, 2008). The decision of the House of Lords in Stack v Dowden addressed one issue arising between unmarried cohabitants in a post-separation property dispute: the correct division of the beneficial interests in the absence of an express declaration of trust in a title deed where both cohabitants hold the legal title (Stack v Dowden, 2007). However, Stack v Dowden does raise some issues about the appropriate principles that should be applied to property disputes in the family contexts regardless of whether the family is comprised of a conventional married couple or not, however, those issues remain unresolved (Gardiner & Davidson, 2011). The primary issue is determining the interpretation of imputing or inferring the parties’ common intention, which remains the primary method of resolving property disputes between unmarried cohabitants (Gardiner & David son, 2011). This paper considers whether or not it is realistic, given the social realities of the modern family to treat post-separation property disputes between married couples and between unmarried cohabitants differently. This paper is divided into two parts. ... on Property Division Between Unmarried Cohabitants There is no statutory authority for the courts to determine how to settle property or property rights relative to unmarried cohabitees who having cohabited for a significant period of time, have come to the decision to separate. Unmarried cohabitees therefore have limited options. They may attempt to have their property disputes resolved by engaging in civil suits if a contract of some sort exists (Deech, 2010). Alternatively, unmarried cohabitants may have the issues resolved by reference to the principles of equity and trusts (Singer, 2009). Under the current state of the applicable principles of equity and trust relative to unmarried cohabitants, the common intention of the parties is the primary method by which the courts attempt to imply a constructive trust in a fair division of the property (Dyson, 2008). The common intention of the parties was first referred to in the case of Lloyds Bank Plc v Rosset (1991). Essentially, the courts will seek to determine whether or not there was a common intention on the part of the parties to divide the property a specific way despite the descriptions rendered by the legal title and the declaration of beneficial interests. The result is the imposition of a constructive trust. Thus a constructive trust imposed by evidence of a common intention is intended to avoid unconscionable consequences in circumstances where the title deeds do not reflect the realities of the acquisition and holding of the property (Pawlowski, 2006). Unfairness arises because, the principle of common intention seeks to determine matters of trust involved in relationships and has evolved as decidedly unclear and unpredictable, making it difficult for unmarried cohabitants to know and assert their property

Classroom management plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Classroom management plan - Essay Example Having the appropriate atmosphere for every student to study is the teacher’s main goal of enforcing best classroom management. Without the peaceful environment students will not be able to learn. Discipline Philosophy This season the district has incorporated classroom rules in all of the schools. As an observer during the first two days I learnt a lot that will assist me evaluate my philosophy for the teaching career a head. As a teacher I have placed a lot of emphasis in considering the values and beliefs concerning discipline and personal management style and the social objectives for the students.The objective is to arrange the logistic of the classroom so that the students in the classroom become student-centred instead of becoming teacher-centred. In order to be very organized the structure of the classroom need to vary, which allows change to be done to parts of the plan from one year to another (Elena et al, 2007 P. 64). One of the key rules is to show respect to ever ybody and accommodating their differences. Every student have his or her own way of learning, and creating an appreciation for those differences will be important in building a safe and peaceful classroom community.From the knowledge gained in classroom what as a teacher I view as main components classroom management plan have receive a great influence. I have view the two sides of the spectrum in ways of structure. A classroom was more structured with the structure dominating the classroom and studying was not going on. Another room was complete chaos and the instructor had lost control over his students, and he did not mind to come up with structure to improve their learning. The view of discipline in the classroom entails all of the skills an individual have had in various classroom setting. There must be a clear understanding of the structure by the teacher as well having valid concern entailing the well-being of the students. If a teacher can understand his individual values on classroom structure, he will create a very reliable management plan that he can use. The classroom experience changes the instructors way to the type of rules he chooses for the classroom. For instance, the teacher may think that one of the main rules, which cannot be negotiated, is for every student to be in school on time. The same teacher my later realize how problematic and narrow-minded the idea is when considering various schools. He can learn that such rule should not exist, as he would be putting students, most of whom have no means of controlling their morning arrival due to a guardian driver, at a disadvantage. In addition the teacher needs to be honest like the saying ‘Honest is the policy’. The instructor should become honest and show respect to those that are also honest. He should, therefore, make a classroom community where every student understands that becoming honest is the best (Sprick, 2010 P. 103). Moreover, they should learn that lying is not a me ans for escaping out of a problem of for getting a conflict resolved. Having this skills and expectation, the instructor will move into his classroom understanding the kind of person he his. He will also know how he will use his life experiences to assist him to be a guide for his students’ educational experience. Rules/Reward/Consequences Consequential management is an agreed measure in ensuring that students attain their set objectives. It is a positive measure as it serves to provide the student informed

Investigative Lab proposal Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Investigative Lab proposal - Assignment Example There is no member of my family who has been diagnosed with blood pressure. According to Edward (46), the body absorbs caffeine better in the early morning hours. Therefore, my experiment will be carried out between 7 am and 9 am in the morning. 6 persons, sphygmomanometer, coffee pot , 6 cups, 20 liters of water, Caffeine pills ( 200 mg each), electronic scale, 1000 ml calibrated cylinder, data collection sheet, nontoxic green permanent marker, fan , coolers and heaters. I will randomly select six of the ten members of our family with age between 30 and 50 and who have not been diagnosed with blood pressure. In each of the group of three members, I will ensure there is at least one member of the opposite sex. Using an electronic scale, I will measure each member of the experiment mass just to be sure that their mass falls around the 68 kg mark. I will use the coffee pot to prepare coffee and three cups to put the prepared coffee every day for two weeks. The other three cups will be used to serve regular water to the other group of three members. Using the permanent marker pen, I will put a mark on the small finger of the first three people for easy identification of the persons who will receive coffee treatment in the first one week. The unmarked persons will receive regular water during the first week. Each person will be given 500 ml of regular water and will be allowed to habituate to their new drink for 24 – hours. The calibrated 1000 ml cylinder will come in handy in measuring the 500 ml of regular water. Then, I will prepare the amount of water with caffeine that I will use for the experiment. On average, an adult weighs 68 kgs and the recommended caffeine dosage is 200 mg. Since a cup of coffee contains approximately 200 mg of caffeine, I will administer one cup of coffee every day for seven days for the first three marked persons. 1 hour after taking the coffee treatment, I will use

Conflicts Of Interest Between Managers Owners And Creditors Finance Essay

Conflicts Of Interest Between Managers Owners And Creditors Finance Essay Managers, owners and creditors usually have the same fundamental objective that is to see the business prosper in the companies. But when companies are in financial distress, conflicts of interest between managers, owners and creditors arise. The reason to answer this problem is just because managers have different goals from owners and creditors. As we know, managers are usually hired to run a business of companies on behalf of owners. Thus, some problems can arise between managers and owners because interest of ownership is separated from interest of control especially when companies fall into financial distress. Managers may pursue some goals that bring benefits to them but may not be beneficial to the owners. Owners have their own shares and they think that their shares value will be increased. They have right to indirectly control of the operating decisions that influence the companies cash flows and others. Besides, creditors are the party who provide capital to companies at rates based on the riskiness of companies assets and on companies capital structure of debt and equity financing. Conflict of interest between owners and creditors is that owners want to borrow money at the lowest rate whereas creditors decide the rate based on the risks of companies investment projects and companies themselves. The more risks compan ies have, the more required rate on the firms debt will be paid. When a company faces financial distress and may be going to bankruptcy, there are usually two solutions to settle. The first solution is reorganization and continuation as a going concern. Managers usually like this solution as they can exercise control over what goes on during the company. The second solution is liquidation and selling off of the assets of the company. Managers usually do not like this solution and may resist whereas creditors like this solution as they stand to get their money from the liquidation value first. However, managers may not want this to happen and they may seek to bribe the creditors with a promise of getting more money than they should if the latter agree to the first solution. This is not in the interest of the owners. Conflicts of interest between managers, owners and creditors always exist even when the company is profitable. Therefore, the company has a cash surplus. Managers would want this money as a financial bonus and the shareholders would want this money as a stock dividend whereas creditors get paid a fixed amount and they get paid before the owners get paid. II: In a personal financial situation, give an example of opportunity cost. In a personal financial situation, opportunity cost of any investment is the return one could earn on the next best alternative. A simple way, we can understand that opportunity is the benefit you could have received by taking an alternative action. All investments of a company involve opportunity cost. A dollar today is worth more than a dollar in one year because the dollar today can be invested and will increase more than a dollar in one year. The dollar you can get after one year carries an opportunities cost equal to the return on the forgone investment. Thus, opportunity cost is the forgoing cost and when there are a number of business alternatives. The decision makers always select the alternative which has the highest opportunity cost because if the decision maker selects any other alternative he or she has lost the opportunity. Companies usually use opportunity cost to evaluate a capital Investment project. The company can compare between the projected return and the return it would earn on the highest yielding alternative investment involving similar risk. For example, a company has a free amount of money in the bank that earning interest 10% after 1 year. If this company uses this amount of money to invest a project, it will get 15% profit after 1 year. In this example, opportunity costs of this company are 5% (15%-10%). Decision makers of a company always have to consider choosing the way which can give them the maximum benefit that can cover all costs. They use opportunity cost to analyze a project and the simplest way to estimate the opportunity cost is to compare the present choice with the next best alternative that could be made. However, it is not easy to make comparison because many alternatives do not have a market price or very difficult to calculate into money. Question III: In America, Vietnam or any other country, what is appropriate question to ask when evaluating an investment opportunity? Explain why. When evaluating an investment opportunity in America, Vienam or any other country, the appropriate question that company usually concern is what is the discount rate? The discount rate is rate of return that recognizes the time value of money. It is calculated based on cash flow expected in future from the investment. Management of a company always compares the discount rate of many projects to choose which projects with maximum return or wealth for the companys stockholders. The discount rate is also related to a risk factor that recognizes the uncertainty associated with achieving future profit forecasts. The risky projects can bring high discount rate to investors. However, it is not easy to determine the appropriate discount rate because it is calculated by using discounted cash flow techniques. Besides, the appropriate discount rate is influenced by some main factors. The first factor is related to macroeconomic conditions such as inflation, interest rates and country risksà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Vietnam has higher country risks than America because Vietnamese policies can be changed very fast. The second factor is matter of the industry such as avera ge of profit ratio in the industry The third factor is the company policy which related to capital structure. Otherwise, there are some factors related to projects themselves. Evaluating the factors helps investors define discount rate and therefore they have an overview of the investment opportunity. Besides, management have to foresee the estimated future benefits are large enough to justify the current expenditure as well as the proposed investment based on capital budgeting. It is the most cost-effective way to achieve their goals. The discount rate to be applied can be based on the facts and circumstances of a particular case as well as the analysis of the likelihood of achieving forecasted lost profits. Companies have to assess the relevant factors in determining an appropriate discount rate that help them build a stronger case in support of their damage position. Question IV: Discuss the true economic cost to Daimler-Benz (Mercedes) when it purchased Chrysler in 1998. How did that workout? In May, 1998, Daimler-Benz and Chrysler Corporation, two of the worlds leading car manufacturers, agreed to combine their businesses. Daimler-Benz purchased the Chrysler Corporation at $37.3 billion. The former Chrysler Corporation was given autonomy to manufacture mass-market cars and trucks while the Germans firm continued to build luxury cars. Thus, purposes of this business for Daimler-Benz is to access to the North American market for automobiles without diluting the image of its Mercedes-Benz brand. Otherwise, with acquiring Chrysler they can get production capacity outside Germany and opportunity to learn from Chryslers envied process of making decisions quickly and bringing new vehicles to market promptly. However, the true cost to purchase the Chrysler is not $37.3 billion because the Chrysler has $15.5 billion in interest-bearing debt that makes the total price to purchase is $52.8 billion ($37.2 million + $15.5 million). Thus, Chryslers assets need to make future cash flow worth at least $52.8 billion. Therefore, the true economic cost to Daimler-Benz when it purchased Chrysler is over $52.8 billion. After purchasing Chrysler, Daimler-Benz firm had to bear many extra expenses related to changes in many factors such as leaderships, business strategy, culture clash and management styles. The Daimler is different from the Chrysler different in businesses. The Daimlers core competency is high-valued, technically advanced cars and focuses on development of luxury cars whereas Chrysler focused on mass market and considered as a very cost effective company. Moreover, European culture is far different from American style and there may appear conflict of management style in a short time. Thus, it is difficult to the business and cash flow for DaimlerChrysler in the future. Therefore, DaimlerChrysler faced failures in operating. Despite significant short and medium term expected synergies, DaimlerChrysler has been negative profits after the deal. In 2001, DaimlerChrysler got loss of $5.8 bi llion which was the biggest loss in German business history. In 2007, The Chrysler was bought of 80.1% (about $7.4 billion) by Cerberus Capital Management LP. This price is much cheaper than the price ($37.3 billon) when Daimler purchased Chrysler in 1998. After 9 years, this deal marked the divorce of Daimler and Chrysler. Question V: A sporting good manufacturer has decided to expand into a related business. Management estimates that to build and staff a facility of the desired size and to attain capacity operations would cost $275 million in present value terms. Alternatively, the company could acquire an existing firm or division with the desired capacity. One such opportunity is the division of another company. The book value of the divisions asset is $140 million and its earnings before interest and tax are presently $30 million. Publicly traded comparable companies are selling a narrow range around 12 times current earnings. The companies have debt-to-asset ratios averaging 40 percent with an average interest rate of 10 percent. Using a tax rate of 34 percent, estimate the minimum price the owner of the division should consider for its sale. Multiple = Market Value / EBIT (1-tax) Therefore, Market value = Multiple x EBIT (1-tax) Market value = 30 (1-0.34) x 12 = $237.6 million Market value = D + E D = 40% x $140 million = $ 56 million. E = Market value D = $237.6 million $ 56 million = $181.6 million. With calculation above, the minimum price the owner of the division should consider for its sale is the value of its equity (E). The minimum price is $181.6 million. b. What is the maximum price the acquirer should be willing to pay? The maximum price the acquirer should be willing to pay is the market value. In this case, it is $237.6 million c. Does it appear that that an acquisition is feasible? Why or why not? Because the companies have debt-to-asst ratios averaging 40 percent with an average interest rate of 10 percent, the price will be: $237.6 million + ($237.6 million x 40%) x 10% = $247.104 million The price above is less than $275 million. If the managements build and staff a facility, they have to pay $275 million. Thus, this acquisition is feasible. Otherwise, the company can utilize staff and facility. d. Would a 25 percent increase in stock prices to an industry average price-to-earnings ratio of 15 change your answer to (C)? Why or why not? In this situation, Market Value = $237.6 million x 1.25 = $297 million. The price in this situation is more than $275 million. If the managements build and staff a facility, they have to pay $275 million. Thus, with 25% increase in stock prices to an industry average price-to-earnings ratio of 15%, my answer to (c) will be changed. e. Referring to the $275 million price tag on the replacement value of the division, what would you predict would happen to acquisition activity when market values of companies and divisions rise above their replacement values? When market values of companies and divisions rise above their replacement value and related to the $275 million price tag on the replacement value of the division, I predict that the company will acquire existing firm or division with the desired capacity instead of building and staffing new facility. Question VI: What does it mean when a companys free cash flow is negative in one or more years? Free cash flow always measures how much money a company generates after deducting maintenance capital expenditure, but before capital expenditure on expansion. Free cash flow is important for any company because it a company can pursue opportunities that increase shareholder value with free cash flow. It is difficult for a company to launch new products, make any acquisition, pay dividends and reduce debt without enough cash. In theory, Free Cash Flow = Net Income + Amortization/Depreciation- Changes in Working Capital Capital Expenditures. Thus, if the free cash flow is negative in one or more years, company may have large investments. If these investments get a high return, profits that a company attains are more than costs to be paid. Otherwise, a profitable business or in some particular industries may have negative cash flow especially in the beginning of investments. In these cases, negative free cash flow of a company can be accepted in a short time but not in a long time. b. Do negative values of free cash flow in way alter or invalidate the notion that a companys fair market value equals the present value of its free cash flows discounted at the companys weighted average cost of capital? Free cash flow is the amount of cash a company has after expenses, debt service, capital expenditures, and dividends. The higher the free cash flow of a company, the stronger the companys Balance Sheet. Free cash flow can affect the value of a firm. Negative free cash flow can not define the value and it has no sense. However, negative values of free cash flow invalidate the notion that a companys fair market value equals the present value of its free cash flows discounted at the companys weighted average cost of capital. Some divisions of a company may accept loss in order to increase free cash flow of a company in the future. c. Suppose a companys free cash flows were expected to be negative in all future periods. Can you conceive of any reasons for buying the companys stock? Free cash flow is the most important number to be needed to know about a company before buying its stock. Big companies usually throw off large sums of free cash flow whereas young or growing companies may have a negative free cash flow. We can buy the companys stock if the companys free cash flow in the short time. However, if a companys cash flow were expected to be negative in all future periods, we should not buy their stock because the companys finance situation is not good. The company may get troubles in sales, heavy debt, ineffective investments or other causes in operation that result to a cash flow with higher expenditures than income. With negative cash flow in all periods, the company may have to bankruptcy. Therefore, there is no reason for buying its stock. However, if we know that the company has some big projects and will get high return in the long time, we can consider buying the companys stock because large investments can make the company having negative cash.

Gays in the Military :: Gay Military Government Laws Essays Homosexual

Very often political institutions reflect the will of society and set the precedent for norms that will be expected of its members. The United States Military is still enforcing archaic policies which threaten to harm the principles our nation was founded upon. The principles of freedom and equality are those that every American holds closest to their heart, that is unless you are in the military and are gay. The issue of gays in the military has developed into a case of whether our country should discriminate against a group merely because of involuntary sexual orientation. Two persistent principles are evident within this topic: that homosexuals are ever present throughout all branches of the military and a persistent hostility against this group is in American society and the military. In order to effectively examine this topic the following concepts will be discussed: an analysis of the current Department Of Defense policy concerning gays, solutions to reduce homophobia in the military, a policy model concerning homosexuals in the military ( Lepicer 1-14 ). Prior to the arrival of the Clinton Administration with its agenda to radically revise military policy regarding the acceptance and treatment of homosexuals, Department of Defense policy was well established and clear. Legal questions began to be raised in civilian courts challenging the military exclusion and discharge policies in the 1960's and 1970's. The services were forced to explain and clearly justify specific limits and procedures used in relation to service members claiming to be homosexual or convicted of such behavior. During the Carter Administration a clear policy was signed into law. It reads: Homosexuality is incompatible with military service. The presence in the military environment of persons who engage in homosexual conduct or who, by their statements, demonstrate a propensity to engage in such conduct, seriously impairs the accomplishment of the military mission. The presence of such members adversely affects the ability of the Military Services to maintain discipline, good order, and morale: to foster mutual trust and confidence among service members; to ensure the integrity of the system of rank and command; to facilitate assignment and worldwide deployment of service members who frequently must live and work under close conditions affording minimal privacy; to recruit and retain members of the Military Services: to maintain the public acceptability of military service; and to prevent breaches of security ( Lepicer ). Everyone agrees that gays were already in the military, but gays want to serve their country out of the closet. This concept pitted the gay community against the traditionalists who want to keep them out. The result is a compromising "Don't ask / Don't Tell" policy which prevents recruiters from